| Stage | Example |
| Topic sentence/identified theme | Starbucks Corporation employs a matrix organisational structure enabling coordination between divisions to support innovation. |
| Analysis and link with theory, sources, and learning | Companies that renew operating processes to reduce hierarchical and formalised procedures respond and adapt to changing market environments to maintain competitiveness (Bashir & Verna, 2019; Gaspary et al., 2020). Further, organisational structures which value decentralisation of decision-making processes, flexibility towards knowledge sharing, and problem-solving partnerships foster a culture of improvement and innovation (Gaspary et al., 2020). |
| Examples of the case study to illustrate/elevate the theory |
In 2007, Starbucks focused on strategic global growth, which negatively impacted customer experience and sales. To regain competitive advantage, Starbucks reformed finance and customer experience structures by aligning organisational functions with product-based and geographical divisions and improving staff training (Meyer, 2019). Starbucks’ corporate structure creates connections between the functional, geographical, product-based and teams divisions. The functional hierarchy includes human resources, finance, and marketing, which guide the implementation of market expansion strategies and competitive positioning; whereas product-based divisions are responsible for innovation in specialty product lines such as coffee products, food, and merchandise in the competitive coffeehouse market (Meyer, 2019). |
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Evaluation of case by integrating theory
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A matrix organisational structure divides business units into functional or product departments with networks between units. This design encourages innovation by allowing coordination between specialists to share knowledge and resources while maintaining responsibility for product and project activities to achieve targets (Robbins & Judge, 2012). |
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Summarising the point |
Starbucks' matrix structure has enabled the company to diversify products and improve customer service while enhancing global market presence and competitiveness. |
| Stage | Example |
| Topic sentence/identified theme | The main priorities in nursing care for Helga’s recovery are monitoring the wound healing process while recording accurate clinical information to prevent infection. |
| Analysis and link with theory, sources, and learning | Clinical documentation that records and monitors the healing progress is an essential communication strategy for nurses to ensure quality patient care (Davidson, 2019). As Younger (2011) states, effective and safe patient care requires critical thinking and decision-making skills that adhere to communication requirements. The communication purpose of assessment charts is to record and document the wound healing process (Davidson, 2019). |
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Examples of the case study to illustrate/elevate the theory |
To ensure Helga is recovering safely, and because she is an elderly patient, her wound needs to be checked daily to track treatment, observe skin colouration and change dressings (Kielo et al., 2019). These details and actions must be recorded on the assessment chart for effective handover of Helga’s treatment between nurses and to prevent infection occurring. Due to multiple nurses treating the same patient in clinical care, if the correct information is not documented accurately, this can result in higher chance of infection and sepsis (Kielo et al., 2019). |
| Evaluation of case by integrating theory and standards | For safe wound care, it is essential that assessment charts are complete and accurate, to decrease the risk of complications (Davidson, 2019). Further, if wound assessment charts are inconsistently used or do not record all information clearly, this impacts the requirements of demonstrating professional communication standards to ensure safe and quality patient care in clinical practice (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2016). |
| Summarising the point | Therefore, clinical documentation through accurate and complete assessment charts is essential for effective, safe, and quality care of Helga’s wound recovery. |
| Stage | Example |
| Topic sentence/identified theme | Conflict management through group negotiation often leads to better decision-making processes. The presence of conflict rarely results in negative impacts on group outcomes if used to facilitate collaboration and cohesiveness (S’Auchsey, 2017). |
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Analysis and link with theory, sources, and learning |
However, conflict may erode group interactions if conflicting ideas are not tolerated, and destructive communication patterns emerge (Eunson, 2016). An approach to managing conflict is negotiation, which involves communicating in a manner where ideas are acknowledged and validated (S’Auchsey, 2017). |
| Examples of the case study to illustrate/elevate the theory |
The use of negotiation to manage conflict was experienced in the group work case study. The group had more information than could be conveyed in the duration of the presentation; however, all speakers had allocated considerable time researching and writing contributions and were reluctant to make omissions. It was decided that one speaker’s section would be reduced and although this decision was tolerated, the speaker was displeased, which negatively impacted group dynamics. To reduce conflict and restore positive dynamics, one speaker suggested using the omitted work for the rebuttal section, which all members agreed upon as an equitable outcome. Thus, the presence of conflict between ideas facilitated better decision making which enabled the team to develop more cohesion. |
| Evaluation of case by integrating theory and standards | Eunson (2016) suggests employing negotiation techniques in group communication, such as offering alternative ideas, may resolve disagreement through compromise rather than negative interactions between group members. |
| Summarising the point | Therefore, the management of conflict through negotiation positively impacted group dynamics to achieve an effective presentation. |
